I think 3 thumb keys are too much as the thumb is slow and awkward to move. You can easily get by with 2 and you can get by with just one for normal usage.
I put emphasis on splitting spacebar into thumb keys just because the large spacebar is so ubiquitous. -- There's practically no downside to splitting the large spacebar into 6x keys.
I think it's good if layout enthusiasts want to use as few as keys as each finds practical. -- I think a good keyboard will support layouts that bring the full functionality of the keyboards to within the hands on home row for two-handed typing (as well as support mouse + keyboard functionality).
But .. I think that the keyboard is physically better off with fewer keys is just fashion amongst enthusiasts.
See my own keyboard layouts for inspiration:
https://www.jonashietala.se/blog/2024/11/26/the_current_cybe...
https://www.jonashietala.se/series/t-34/