This is such a conflicting comment for me because I agree with so much but also have so many quibbles. That said I think that the other comments cover most things, I'll just comment on b: I don't think this is a problem that a language should solve or needs to solve, since there is a new flavor of the week of network protocols every few years. off the top of my head

- REST (mentioned, but what kind of REST? Rails style REST? Just plain http resource endpoints? - GraphQL (mentioned) - gRPC - SOAP - JSON-RPC - Thrift - CGI (ok not really in the same category as the above) - Some weird adhoc thing someone created at 3am for "efficiency"

I'm actually fine with most languages deferring to their respective communities, maybe building on core libs like https://www.erlang.org/docs/17/apps/inets/http_client to handle the transport layer.

As an aside, funnily enough you can get JVM <-> BEAM interop via https://www.erlang.org/doc/apps/jinterface/jinterface_users_... I don't necessarily recommend it but it's possible