For those intrigued by music formats, there are a few modern standards that are far simpler than some of those in the paper: ABC and MusicXML. (ABC is designed to be as readable as possible while maintaining a high degree of control over the output.)
Lilypond had such beautiful output, though the amount of time since I have used it can be measured in years--is it still setting the typesetting bar above Finale, Sibelius, etc?
https://www.abcnotation.com/wiki/abc:standard:v2.1