Cargo (rust) considered it, using the vastly more information it has about whether signatures have changed than NPM, but rejected it because you can still make breaking changes without changing a function signature, so why claim to detect it if only a subset can be.
You can get pretty far with a statically typed, purely functional language. For example, Elm's package manager enforces semantic versioning: https://elm-lang.org/
Cargo (rust) considered it, using the vastly more information it has about whether signatures have changed than NPM, but rejected it because you can still make breaking changes without changing a function signature, so why claim to detect it if only a subset can be.