I've often thought about standardizing on one of those (probably bbc.com) and then rewriting the other URLs. But we don't have any reason to believe that would always work, or that it would continue to work in the future.
It wouldn't. Some BBC websites are .com-only (BBC Reel for example), others are .co.uk-only (BBC iPlayer). But it would work for BBC News, which I imagine is the majority of BBC links on HN. UK users would be redirected to the .co.uk url.
Or would it be possible to change the duplicate algorithm to simply understand bbc.com == bbc.co.uk?
Well, that's what I was questioning since the other submission was only 16 hours ago (sure counts as recent in my book!). In this case it turns out that the URLs were not actually identical as pointed out by a sibling comment.