Might be helpful to define it for people - a pigouvian tax is a tax on something to balance out the negative externality it inflicts on society. A carbon tax like you’re suggesting seems like our best hope of averting disaster. I’m not sure what would get it done, though, it would be very much against the short term interests of the rich, since they’d bear the brunt, as the largest emitters, and would massively disrupt the status quo in terms of what products are most cost effective. Making it revenue-neutral by dividending out all takings would help with its political popularity, and make it so it would positively impact the poor (since they use less carbon per capita than the average). But still seems hard to get it passed. It’s a bit wonkish, which is a big problem compared to something that feels better, like “ban all private planes!”.
This makes sense to me since leaving a comment (even a negative one) would be a signal of engagement that would likely boost the likelihood of a given article being/remaining on the front page.
I agree, it's the same principal as spam. You don't reply calling them out as a spammer, as that only signals that they have access to your attention. You blackhole the spam or sender or submit to authorities of services that can help you block it in the future, but you do not engage with the originator.
Spam is the extreme example. What about family or acquaintances who compulsively forward every garbage blog post they come across on whatever their political obsession is? What do you do when they don't respect multiple polite requests to take you off their CC: list? At some point you go, "the hell with seeming disengaged and just letting this trash pass without comment."
I'll happily forfeit my right to remain aloof and to give no signs of engagement if I get annoyed to the point where I'd prefer to go to war.
The rule is not to force you to be a better person by making you consider all comments you see, it's to keep discussion useful and help the site continue to provide a high level of usefulness for all users, including yourself.
In that respect, ignoring, flagging, and shallow dismissals replies are three distinctly different outcomes with different utility to the users of this site.
I read this in disbelief, picturing a uniformed INS employee drawing vials of blood in some poorly sanitized strip mall. It turns out US green card applicants are required to show proof of vaccinations and undergo a physical exam by performed by USCIS certified physician. For adults, the exam includes a blood test for syphilis. Source: https://www.uscis.gov/tools/find-a-civil-surgeon
It's not that simple, Once you have been exposed to TB, you will always test positive. A chest X-ray is the only way to know if the TB is active or not(that I'm aware of currently). Source: I'm one of those that always test positive to TB tests.
Wow. Just got citizenship and I was in disbelief. So glad I missed this. Absolutely dystopian to have to submit to a physical for citizenship for any country.
I stumbled upon this site when researching flight control algorithms for small UAVs. It appears to be an out-of-date reference for commercial pilots seeking type ratings for the Airbus A320 family. Link to a collection of A320 system schematics and diagrams: http://www.airbusdriver.net/airbus_studyaids.htm
The reason for all these modes is that they depend on having sensors working. For instance ideally you have the angle-of-attack vanes working and airspeed sensors working and with that you can guarantee that the plane is not going to stall.
If you don't have those sensors the control system can offer less certainty and less amenity.
A similar situation exists with the engine control unit in an automobile which uses the oxygen sensor to know it is injecting just the right amount of fuel into the cylinders but won't leave you stranded if the sensor fails.
Gross daily trading volumes are a poor gauge of how much capital investors have deployed in a particular market, seeking returns. A single international transaction may induce several forex trades, such as when the sale price of goods is denominated in USD or some other non-local currency. Combine that with the complex, usually leveraged hedging strategies employed by banks and multinational firms, and it’s easy to see whence such a massive figure comes.
Alzheimer’s is a neurological disease with a well-documented physiological pathology and terminal prognosis. Mental illnesses generally lack both of those things. The ethics of assisted suicide for terminal patients are distinct, I think, and it’s understandable than terminal patients were the first to have this right recognized under law.
Wouldn't the lack of means to contact all of your users, immediately and directly, create other compliance challenges? You would be unable to notify users of a data breech until their next login; former users might be left permanently in the dark. Similarly, being unable to push legally mandated notice of policy updates could be an impossible challenge. I can see how this proposed scheme could work day to day, but you would likely be well served to retain un-hashed emails in cold storage.
Speaking only for myself, I found this article to be particularly difficult to comprehend. If there are any physicians or molecular biologists who could more plainly summarize the authors' conclusions, I would greatly appreciate it.
From what I can gather:
— SARS-CoV-2 uses ACE2 in the alveolar epithelium as an entry receptor. ACE2 may also be involved in regulating cytokine activity and in viral replication.
— "Pro-inflammatory cytokines have a central role in the progression of COVID-19 infection."
— Anti-cytokine therapy may help reduce pulmonary inflammation in C19 patients.
— ACE2 is also present in the leydig (testosterone producing) cells of male rats.
— Long-term smokers express higher levels of ACE2 in their lungs. COPD patients are more likely to have low testosterone levels. And low testosterone has been linked to increased Pro-inflammatory cytokine activity.
——> Maybe testosterone reduces inflammation and, by extension, mortality, in COVID-19 patients?
(I still do not really understand how the production of ACE2 in the leydig cells is related to this.)
Or, on the high-testostetone side:
— Androgen receptors activate the transcription of TMPRSS2, a transmembrane serine protease found primarily in prostate epithelium.
— "TMPRSS2 activity is regarded as essential for viral spread and pathogenesis in the infected hosts."
——> Elevated testosterone in some young men may increase TMPRSS2 activation, and be a common cause in the relatively small number of severe cases in that age group.
